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Detachment fold
A detachment fold, in geology, occurs as layer parallel thrusting along a decollement (or detachment) develops without upward propagation of a fault; the accommodation of the strain produced by continued displacement along the underlying thrust results in the folding of the overlying rock units. As a visual aid, picture a rug on the floor. By placing your foot on one end and pushing toward the other, the rug slides across the floor (decollement) and folds upward (detachment fold). Figure 1, is a generalized representation of the geometry assumed by a detachment fault.
==Definitions==
Detachment folding occurs as strain imposed on a mechanically weak layer or incompetent unit, such as shale or salt, or at the boundary between an incompetent and more competent unit, induces resistance from the units resulting in folding typically observed in the competent unit.
〔Homza, T. and W. Wallace (1995) ''(Geometric and kinematic models for detachment folds with fixed and variable detachment depths ),'' Journal of Structural Geology, 17/4: 575-588 〕〔Hayes, M. and C. Hanks (2008) ''(Evolving mechanical stratigraphy during detachment folding ),'' Journal of Structural Geology, 30: 548-564〕〔Mitra, S. (2003) ''(A unified kinematic model for the evolution of detachment folds ),'' Journal of Structural Geology, 25: 1659-1673〕 Once the resistance of these units is overcome with strain or the variation in strain between the units becomes great enough, a shearing motion known as a detachment fault may occur. Defined, a detachment fault may be located within an incompetent unit or at the boundary of an incompetent and a competent unit, which accommodates for strain differences between the units and allows displacement to occur in a planar field.〔〔〔〔Mitra, S. (2002) ''(Structural models of faulted detachment folds ),'' American Association of Petroleum Geologist Bulletin, 86/9: 1673-1694〕〔Stewart, S. (1996) ''(Influence of detachment layer thickness on style of thin-skinned shortening ),'' Journal of Structural Geology, 18/10: 1271-1274〕 Detachment folding occurs in regions of thick-skinned deformation, where the basement is involved in deformation and thin-skinned deformation, where deformation occurs at relatively shallow depth in the crust.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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